Horizontal and Vertical Centrifugal Pumps

Because the axis of rotation can be horizontal or vertical (but rarely at an incline), different designs are used in the construction of pumps.

The pump shaft and motor are the same height. It is important that the pump not run dry because the pumped liquid acts as a lubricant between the slip rings and the rotor, and between the gasket and the shaft.

 

Before the pump is started, it needs to be primed because it is not self-lubricating. This process can be quite complex if the pump does not operate at the location of the load and is placed above the liquid level. Because this is very common with horizontal centrifugal pumps, a valve is placed on the suction side of a T pump for the priming system.

The wide range of horizontal centrifugal pumps include the following advantages:

 

- Their manufacture is cheaper than with vertical pumps

- Their maintenance and upkeep is much easier and cheaper.

- The pump can be removed without moving the motor.

- The suction does not touch the discharge.

- They are easy to install.

 

This type of pump has a vertical axis and the engine is usually above the pump. This allows the pump to always be surrounded by the liquid pumped. These pumps are not be primed before they are started.

In non-submerged vertical pumps, the engine is usually directly above the pump. It can also be well above the pump to protect it from possible flooding, or to make it more accessible.

 

The pump shaft can be rigid or made flexible through the use of universal joints. This solves the problem of alignment.

 

Horizontal pumps can also be used, but the bearings have to be modified.

 

The advantage of vertical pumps is that they need very little horizontal space, and therefore are ideal for working on boats, wells, etc. Adequate headroom is needed, however, for assembly and disassembly.

 

For large capacity pumps, vertical construction is generally less expensive than horizontal.

 

Non-submerged ertical centrifugal pumps are utilized in the fields of:

 

- Marine applications

- Waste water removal

- Drainage

- Irrigation

- Circulation of condensers, etc.

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