INCOTERMS 2010

This INCOTERM means that the seller fulfills his obligation to deliver the goods when they are made available to the main carrier hired by the buyer at the agreed point. The seller is responsible for export clearance of the goods.

 

If delivery occurs at the seller's premises, the seller is responsible for loading the goods on the vehicle for the buyer and at that point transfers the costs and risks of shipment.

 

If delivery is considered to occur elsewhere, the seller is not responsible for unloading.

 

This term can be used in any mode of transport including multimodal transport.

The seller bears the transport costs and risks until the goods are placed alongside the vessel at the port of shipment. Therefore, if a problem occurs during loading, the buyer must take responsibility.

 

The seller is responsible for clearing customs for export. If the parties have agreed that the buyer is to perform this procedure, this should be specified in the sales contract.

 

This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport. The buyer names the place of export.

The seller fulfills its responsibility to deliver the goods once they clear the ship's rail at the port of shipment. The seller does not pay for shipment.

 

The seller is obligated to ensure the goods are cleared by customs for export.

 

This term can only be used for transportation by sea or inland waterways.

Two categories of INCOTERMS 2010 have been established:

 

- INCOTERMS "multimodal": Any mode of transport (EXW, FCA, CPT, CIP, DAP, DAT and DDP)

- INCOTERMS "maritime only": Inland waterway and sea transport only (FAS, FOB, CFR and CIF)

 

The new regulations clearly state that INCOTERMS must always be applied to sales of containerized multimodal goods.

 

In the detailed wording of each INCOTERM, all are initially treated as multimodal, then “maritime only” aspects are considered.

 

Four INCOTERMS 2000 are no longer in use:

 

- DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)

- DAF (Delivered At Frontier)

- DES (Delivered Ex Ship)

- DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay).

 

It was determined that three of the four eliminated INCOTERMS (DAF, DES and DEQ) were seldom used.

 

The new regulations of 2010 create two new INCOTERMS:

 

- DAT (Delivered At Terminal)

- DAP (Delivered At Place)

 

DAT is used for all types of transport, although it represents a special type of INCOTERM when used in maritime shipping. On the other hand, like the superseded DEQ, the DAT (at sea) implies delivery of the goods on the quay of the port of destination, after the discharge of the vessel.

 

DAP has characteristics of the DAF & DDU that are no longer in use, by specifying that the goods are to be delivered at some point in the country of destination and are deliverable by all modes of transport. However, the DAP eliminates the restrictive term "frontier" (i.e., border), making it a much more flexible INCOTERM that the superseded DAF.